Īdditionally, since early Quran manuscripts can contain orthographic differences in certain passages, the precise number of letters in those sections can be unclear. One such critic was Bilal Philips, who argued that Rashad Khalifa's "miracle 19" theory was a hoax based on falsified data, misinterpretations of the Quran's text, and grammar inconsistencies. Critics often invoke the concept of Stochastic processes to explain how seemingly mystical patterns could appear in any large dataset. Criticism Ĭommon critiques of numerological claims also apply to the Quran Code. In 1997, after Khalifa's death, Gardner devoted a short article to the subject while a columnist for the Skeptical Inquirer. In 1980, Martin Gardner mentioned Khalifa's work in Scientific American. Khalifa's research received little attention in the Western world. He gives various numerological arguments relying on these values to bolster his arguments. Quranic Gematria Įach Arabic letter can be assigned a specific numerical value, also called gematria: Alif ا 1Ībdullah Arik, a Quranistic author, uses this method in his book Beyond Probability: God's Message in Mathematics to analyze the Basmala gematrically. By analyzing the Quran's 29 initialized Surahs statistically, Khalifa claimed to reveal complex mathematical patterns centered around the number 19. Rashad Khalifa wrote in his book, The Computer Speaks: God's Message to the World, that the separated letters of the Quran, or Quranic Initials, held the key to the Quran Code. The Quran consists of 114 Surahs, of which a total of 29 Surahs are provided with separated letters, Muqattaʿat or also called Quranic initials. Adding this chapter number and the verse number gives 57 (19×3). The occurrence of the additional Basmala is in Surah 27:30.From the missing Basmala in chapter 9 to the additional Basmala in chapter 27, there are exactly 19 chapters.The Basmala appears 114 times (despite its absence in chapter 9, it appears twice in chapter 27) 114 is 19×6.The total number of verses in the Quran including all unnumbered Basmalas is 6346 (19×334).The Quran consists of 114 chapters (19×6).The multiplication factors of the words of the Basmala (1+142+3+6) give 152 (19×8).The fourth word of the Basmala, Rahim (Merciful), occurs 114 times (19×6).The third word of the Basmala, Rahman (Gracious), occurs 57 times (19×3). The second word of the Basmala, Allah (God), occurs 2698 times (19×142).The first word of the Basmala, Ism (name), without contraction, occurs 19 times in the Quran (19×1).The Basmala ( bismi ʾllāhi ʾr-raḥmāni ʾr-raḥīmi), the Quranic opening formula, which, with one exception, is at the beginning of every Surah of the Quran, consists of exactly 19 letters.Įdip Yüksel, a Turkish Quranistic author and colleague of Rashad Khalifa, makes the following claims in his book Nineteen: God's Signature in Nature and Scripture: Example īelievers in Quran Code often use certain word counts, checksums and cross sums to legitimize the code. Proponents of the code include United Submitters International (an association initiated by Rashad Khalifa) as well as some Quranists and traditional Muslims. He relies on Surah 74, verse 30 to prove the significance of the number: "Over it is nineteen,". He wrote the book The Computer Speaks: God's Message to the World, in which he thematizes this Quran code. In 1974, Khalifa claimed to have discovered a mathematical code hidden in the Quran, a code based around the number 19. In 1973 he published the book Miracle of the Quran: Significance of the Mysterious Alphabets, in which he describes the Quranic initials through enumerations and distributions. In 1969, Rashad Khalifa, an Egyptian-American biochemist, began analyzing the separated letters of the Quran (also called Quranic initials or Muqattaʿat), and the Quran to examine certain sequences of numbers. Proponents of the Quran code claim that the code is based on statistical procedures, however, this claim has not been validated by any independent mathematical or scientific institute. Advocates think that the code represents a mathematical proof of the divine authorship of the Quran. The term Quran code (also known as Code 19) refers to the claim that the Quranic text contains a hidden mathematically complex code. Hypothetical mathematical code in the Quran
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